一、类库接口描述

1、IElement接口：允许开发者访问对象的几何属性，并且可以使用查询和绘出对象的方法，IMarkerElement是点要素的接口。

2、ISimpleMarkerSymbol 接口：简单点符号

3、IEnvelope接口：是指地物的外接矩形，用来表示地物图形的大体位置和形状

4、IPrinter接口：用来管理打印纸张设置

5、IPageLayout 接口：定义了用于修改页面布局的方法和属性

6、IActiveView接口 ：定义了Map对象的数据显示功能。通过使用该接口可以在Map上绘制图形，改变视图的范围，获取ScreenDisplay对象的指针，刷新视图

7、IGraphicsContainer接口：管理Map 和PageLayout 对象上储存的元素，使用IGraphicsContainer 接口可以添加，删除和更新位于Map 或PageLayout上的元素。

8、ILegend：图例接口

二、操作步骤

1、设计界面

2、理清逻辑思路，设计功能

（1）通过“地图表现”切换“数据视图”与“布局视图” （2）在数据视图实现加载点和面要素

（在主界面中点击“加载点要素”按钮，在地图上进行点击添加，当再次点击“加载点要素”时，停止绘制；加载面要素同理。） （3）在布局视图实现加载框架要素和打印功能

3、代码实现

4、测试

三、相关代码

（一）“显示地图”的点击事件

1、功能：显示数据视图，与布局视图进行切换（“显示页面布局”的点击事件与其类似）

2、代码

      private void miMap_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (miMap.Checked == false)
            {
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axMapControl1.Show();
                axPageLayoutControl1.Hide();
                miMap.Checked = true;
                miPageLayout.Checked = false;
                miPrint.Enabled = false;
                AddFrameElement.Enabled = false;
                miAddMarker.Enabled = true;
                miAddFill.Enabled = true;
            }
            else
            {
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);
                axMapControl1.Hide();
                axPageLayoutControl1.Show();
                miMap.Checked = false;
                miPageLayout.Checked = true;
                miPrint.Enabled = true;
                AddFrameElement.Enabled = true;
                miAddMarker.Enabled = false;
                miAddFill.Enabled = false;
            }
        }

（二）创建点元素

1、功能：在数据视图上实现加载点元素

2、代码如下：

public void AddMarkerElement(double x, double y)
        {
            IMarkerElement pMarkerElement = (IMarkerElement)new MarkerElement();//创建一个新的元素

            ISimpleMarkerSymbol pMarkerSym = new SimpleMarkerSymbol(); //创建新符号
            pMarkerSym.Style = esriSimpleMarkerStyle.esriSMSCircle;//指定符号的样式（风格)
            pMarkerSym.Color = getRGB(255, 0, 0); //用函数设置符号的颜色为红色
            //并把颜色赋给符号
            pMarkerElement.Symbol = pMarkerSym;
            IElement pElement;
            pElement = pMarkerElement as IElement;
            IPoint pPoint;
            pPoint = new Point();
            pPoint.PutCoords(x, y);
            //Ipoint的PutCoords方法：指定坐标点建立Point
            pElement.Geometry = pPoint;
            IMap pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
            IActiveView pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;
            IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;
            pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);
            pActiveView.Refresh();
            return;
        }

（三）创建面元素

1、功能：在数据视图上实现加载面元素

2、代码如下：

public void AddFillElement()
        {
            ISimpleLineSymbol pSimpleLineSymbol = new SimpleLineSymbol();
            pSimpleLineSymbol.Color = getRGB(255, 0, 0);
            pSimpleLineSymbol.Width = 2;
            //设置填充符号属性
            ISimpleFillSymbol pSimpleFillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbol();
            pSimpleFillSymbol.Color = getRGB(255, 100, 80);
            pSimpleFillSymbol.Outline = pSimpleLineSymbol;
            pSimpleFillSymbol.Style = esriSimpleFillStyle.esriSFSSolid;
            //设置填充元素符号属性
            IFillShapeElement pFillShapeElement = (IFillShapeElement)new PolygonElement();
            pFillShapeElement = new PolygonElementClass();
            pFillShapeElement.Symbol = pSimpleFillSymbol;
            IElement pElement;
            pElement = pFillShapeElement as IElement;
            IPolygon pPolygon;
            pPolygon = axMapControl1.TrackPolygon() as IPolygon;
            // Object.TrackPolygon( ) 在某个对象上画个多边形；
            // Object.TrackRectangle ( ) 在某个对象上画个矩形；
            pElement.Geometry = pPolygon;
            IMap pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
            IActiveView pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;
            IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;
            pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);
            pActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null, null);
        }

（四）加载图例

1、功能：在布局视图上实现加载图例

2、代码如下：

//获取axPageLayoutControl1的图形容器
            IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer =axPageLayoutControl1.GraphicsContainer;
            //获取axPageLayoutControl1空间里面显示的地图图层
            IMapFrame mapFrame =(IMapFrame)graphicsContainer.FindFrame(axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap);
            if (mapFrame == null) return;//创建图例
            UID uID = new UID();
uID.Value = "esriCarto.Legend";
            
            IMapSurroundFrame mapSurroundFrame = mapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uID, null);
            if (mapSurroundFrame == null) return;
            if (mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround == null) return;
            mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround.Name = "图例";
            IEnvelope envelope = new EnvelopeClass();
            envelope.PutCoords(17, 2, 19, 7); 
            IElement element = (IElement)mapSurroundFrame;
            element.Geometry = envelope;
            //将图例转化为几何要素添加到axPageLayoutControl1,并刷新页面显示
            axPageLayoutControl1.AddElement(element, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,"Legend", 0);
            axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null,null);

（五）加载比例尺

1、功能：在布局视图上实现加载比例尺

2、代码如下：

private void btnScalebar_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             IActiveView pActiveView = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout as IActiveView;
            IMap pMap = pActiveView.FocusMap as IMap;
            IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pActiveView as IGraphicsContainer;
            IMapFrame pMapFrame = pGraphicsContainer.FindFrame(pMap) as IMapFrame;
            pActiveView = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout as IActiveView;
            pMap = pActiveView.FocusMap as IMap;
            pGraphicsContainer = pActiveView as IGraphicsContainer;
            pMapFrame = pGraphicsContainer.FindFrame(pMap) as IMapFrame;//设置比例尺样式
            IMapSurround pMapSurround;
            IScaleBar pScaleBar;
            pScaleBar = new ScaleLineClass();
            pScaleBar.Units = pMap.MapUnits;
            pScaleBar.Divisions = 2;
            pScaleBar.Subdivisions = 4;
            pScaleBar.DivisionsBeforeZero = 0;
            pScaleBar.LabelPosition = esriVertPosEnum.esriBelow;
            pScaleBar.LabelGap = 3.6;
            pScaleBar.LabelFrequency = esriScaleBarFrequency.esriScaleBarDivisionsAndFirstMidpoint;

            pMapSurround = pScaleBar;
            pMapSurround.Name = "ScaleBar";
            //定义UID
            UID uid = new UID();
            uid.Value = "esriCarto.ScaleLine";
            //定义MapSurroundFrame对象      
            IMapSurroundFrame pMapSurroundFrame = pMapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uid, null);
            pMapSurroundFrame.MapSurround = pMapSurround;
            //定义Envelope设置Element摆放的位置
            IEnvelope pEnvelope = new EnvelopeClass();
            pEnvelope.PutCoords(2, 1.5, 10, 2.5);
            IElement pElement = pMapSurroundFrame as IElement;
            pElement.Geometry = pEnvelope;
            pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);

        }

（六）打印

1、功能：“打印”的点击事件

2、代码如下：

private void miPrint_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IPrinter printer = axPageLayoutControl1.Printer;   
            if (printer == null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("获取默认打印机失败！");
               
            }
            String sMsg = "是否使用默认打印机:" + printer.Name + "?";
            if (MessageBox.Show(sMsg, "", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel) == DialogResult.Cancel)
            {
                return;
            }
            IPaper paper = printer.Paper;
            paper.Orientation = 1;

            IPage page = axPageLayoutControl1.Page;
            page.PageToPrinterMapping = esriPageToPrinterMapping.esriPageMappingScale;
            axPageLayoutControl1.PrintPageLayout(1,1,0);
        }